據能源之聲網站9月14日報道 專家們在CMS律師事務所舉辦的一次網絡研討會上表示，過去十年，電解槽的成本大幅下降，但在2030年之前，電-氣技術將無法與化石氫相競爭。

與其他技術相比，可再生氫開發的一個關鍵障礙是相對較高的啟動成本，這意味著需要政府補貼才能讓項目落地。

CMS駐維也納的合作伙伴Bernt Elsner在網絡研討會上表示，可再生氫項目的估計成本為2.5-5.5歐元/千克，相比之下，含碳捕獲與儲存（CCS）的化石氫項目成本為2歐元/千克，不含碳捕獲與儲存（CCS）的化石氫項目成本為1.5歐元/千克。化石氫是由天然氣產生的氫氣，在較小程度上是由煤產生，是當今主導氫市場的技術。

然而，在過去的十年里，電解槽的成本降低了60%，預計到2030年，成本將進一步降低50%。Elsner表示，到2030年，風能和太陽能發電相對便宜的地區有望與化石氫競爭。

他說：“這意味著在2030年之前，國家補貼將是促進清潔氫的必要手段。歐盟能源和氣候國家援助指南的審查預計將在2021年進行。預計這些指導方針將有助于澄清哪些國家對氫項目的補貼有資格獲得布魯塞爾的國家援助批準。”

此外，歐盟預計將在未來幾年加大對清潔氫項目的資助力度，這是歐盟在7月份啟動的氫戰略中所規定。風能和太陽能產生的可再生氫為優先考慮，該路線圖要求到2030年，歐洲的電解產能將達到40吉瓦，北非和烏克蘭等歐洲鄰國的產能將進一步達到40吉瓦。

王磊 摘譯自 能源之聲

原文如下：

Green hydrogen costs fall, but not quite enough

The cost of electrolysers have fallen sharply over the last decade, but power-to-gas technologies will not be competitive with fossil-based hydrogen before 2030, panelists told a webinar hosted by CMS law firm.

One key barrier for renewable hydrogen development is the relatively high start-up costs compared with other technologies. This means there is a need for government subsidies to get projects off the ground.

Bernt Elsner, a Vienna-based partner with CMS, told the webinar that the estimated costs for renewable hydrogen projects is €2.5-5.5/kg, compared with €2/kg for fossil-based hydrogen with carbon capture and storage (CCS) and €1.5/kg for fossil-based hydrogen without CCS. Fossil-based hydrogen is hydrogen produced by natural gas and, to a lesser extent, coal and is the technology that dominates the hydrogen market today.

However, the cost of electrolysers has been reduced by 60% in the last ten years and a further 50% cost reduction is expected by 2030. Regions with relatively cheap electricity produced by wind and solar are expected to be able to compete with fossil hydrogen by 2030, said Elsner.

“This means that until 2030 state subsidies will be necessary to promote clean hydrogen,” he said. Elsner noted that a review of the EU’s state aid guidelines for energy and climate was expected in 2021. The guidelines are expected to help clarify which type of national subsidies for hydrogen projects that will qualify for state aid approval by Brussels.

Moreover, the EU is expected to scale up its funding for clean hydrogen projects over the coming years as stipulated in its hydrogen strategy launched in July. Renewable hydrogen produced by wind and solar is a priority. The roadmap calls for 40 GW of electrolysis capacity in Europe by 2030, and a further 40 GW in Europe’s “neighbourhood” such as North Africa and the Ukraine.